Treatments & Prices
Filling
Bacteria plaque can cause the acid which comes from sweet and foury foods. This acid can demolish the mineral tissue of enamel and cause the caries which is called cavity.
Mainly there are three reasons of caries:
1-Bacteria plaque (Tooth plaque)
2-Foods include carbohydrate (Flour,sugar,etc.)
3-Structural Factors (The structure of the tooth,composition of spit,etc.)
Caries can be easily noticed because of its dark cavity. Sometimes cavity may not be seen easily, in that situation dentist can diagnose by using some asistant tools. (For example X-Ray)
We know that caries can’t get better by itself. If it is not treated it worsens. Then caries has to be filled.
The treatment of caries which did not reach to pulpa:
1-First Caries is cleaned:
Enamel and the dentin are very hard tissues. Caries is cleaned by frez. Frez is a special tool which is used for dental treatments. The surface of dentin is a bit sensitive so, there may be some pain. In that situation local anesthesia is applied. Filling can be done with local anesthesia without having no pain.
2-Cleaned Cavity is formed:
While the tooth is filled it is not only cleaned but also formed. According to some definite rules cavity has to be widened because of biomechanic an morphplogic obligations. On choosing the filling materials dentist takes care first, material can endure the preasure of the chewing of back teeth that invisibility in frontal teeth.
TYPES OF FILLINGS:
1-Amalgam Fillings (Metal):
The oldest material which is used nowadays. It is very strong and economic but not aesthetic. It is prepared by mixing %70 silver,%23 tin and a bit zinc and copper powder with mercury. Mixture is put into the cavity and it is hardened completely in 24 hours.
After amalgam fillings there may be sensetiveness of cold and hot for a short time but, it goes away in time. Also it is rarely seen that because of electric there may be sensetiveness for some people who have some other metal in the mouth orwhen they take fork or spoon in the mouth. If the sensetiveness is not ended, the filling material can be replaced with any other restorative material.
2-Composite Fillings (Same colour with the natural tooth):
Aesthetic material (Bonding)but, it is not as strong as amalgam. Mostly it is used for frontal teeth.They are also named white filling because of being the same colour with the naturel teeth.
When it was first developed, it was used only for the frontal teeth. Now it is more developed and the strength is increased so, it is also used for the back teeth. The new generation composite has hardness of amalgam.
ADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE
1-The biggest advantage is being aesthetic.
2-After the filling it can be polished.
3-It is not only used to restore the caries,it is also used for cosmetic changing the shape and the colour of the teeth.
DISADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE
1-Composite fillings are applied flat by flat and it is hardened by a special light. So it takes more time than amalgam.
2-It is more expansive than amalgam.
3-Colour may change in time.
4-It is not as strong as amalgam.
Implant
WHAT IS IMPLANT ?
It is a titanium, cylinderic tool which is put into place to chin bone almost the imitation of the naturel tooth. That may take place of 1 or more teeth, also it is used as a support of the prothesis.
Implants are the second chance for the people who have lost their teeth. Implants may take the time back and people can live their life with their own teeth. 29% of the people who use prothesis say that they can eat only soft foods, 50% says that they are far from many foods and 17% says that they can chew better with their own teeth.
Patients who use total prothesis say that they can chew 66% ineffective. In addition to this, in dental literature, it is said that lost teeth can forced to less feeding and definite systemic illnesses.
If a tooth is lost, the tissue of the bone is also lost. Bone needs stimulation in order to keep its density. That is the reason of astronouts lose the density of the bone. The bone has a continual preasure by the force which comes from the teeth. Tooth conducts loss of bone and lack of stumilation, resprpsion is formed. Only implant can prevent that loss, the stimulation that implant apply is the same as the tooth. The prothesis lower the circulation of bood and may increase the loss of bone. Prothesis may cause trouble on speaking and lack of the effective chewing.
Implant is an artificial tooth root which is made of appropriate materials and put in place to the bone of jaw in order to obtain the aesthetic and the function of the lost teeth.
TO WHOM,WHEN AND HOW IS IMPLANT PUT IN PLACE?
Naturally teeth are very importand to the individual.However when our smiling demolish our life standarts,aesthetic and the quality of life,the mean of the teeth are changed.
People do not take care to their teeth health sufficiently.Drugs that are used,illnesses,wrong treatments may cause the loss of teeth.
Nowadays,implants can prevent all these losts on the best way.
IN WHAT SITUATIONS CAN IMPLANT BE DONE?
1-It is used fort he lack of unique tooth without touching any other neighbour tooth.
2-Instead of removable denture (Lack of 2 or more teeth)
3-Lack of all teeth,instead of removable palate.
4-Loss of bone which is formed physiologically by the loss of tooth or trauma may cause the level and bulk of jaw bone.
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF IMPLANTS?
Implants are healty,confortable and reliable application.Prothesisses which are applied over implants take place of natural teeth and they form the natural structure.
Implants are long term.Normally the effects of the loss of the teeth are physiologicall as well as psychological.
ARE THE TEETH SEEN NATURAL?
Implant is put under the gum,in the bone so,disharmony is not mentioned.Especially aesthetic harmony is the best with the zirconium which is developed nowadays.
CAN IMPLANT BE APPLIED IN ALL AGES?
Yes.It is necessary that the bone should be reached maturity.That is 16-17 for girls,18 for boys.There is no limit of age for adults.It can be applied for everyone whose systemic structure is healty.Old people need implant more than other people because,they lose their teeth more than the other people and also they have more loss of bone.
IN WHAT SITUATIONS IS IMPLANT INCONVENIENT?
Implant is inconvenient in some situations.
There are:
a-Acute infection
b-Pregnancy
c-Stress
d-bone and gum pathology
e-Metabolic illnesses
f-Cardiovascular illnesses
g-Hematologic illnesses
h-Chronic kidney illnesses
i-Alergy of titanium
j-People who had high level of radiotheraphy
k-Heavy smokers
WHAT DOES THE SUCCESS OF IMPLANT DEPEND ON?
a-General health
b-True diagnosis
c-Cleanness and care of implant
d-Appropriate prothesis and surgery
The success is between %90-100
ARE THE IMPLANTS REJECTED BY BODY?
Nowadays titanium is the most used material on implant. Titanium is the best metal which has an axcellent tissue harmony and it is used in medical area for centuries. So rejection can not be mentioned.
IS THERE ANY RISK OF CANCER?
There is no example of implants cause cancer in all medical and dental world.
IS IT AN EXPENSIVE TREATMENT?
Implant applications need some complex and long term operations. So it needs more expences then normal dental applications. According to the questionaries patients who finished their treatments say that they have the response for their expences and if they need,they will do the same again.
IS THERE ANY TROUBLE DURING THE OPERATION?
Operation is made by a local anesthesia without having any pain or trouble. If it is necessary general anesthesia also can be applied. After the operation,there may be a little pain or bulge as normal extraction. These troubles can be prevented by any pain killers.
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO PUT IN PLACE AND PROTHESIS?
The time of surgery is changed according to the numbers of implants and conditions of the patients. It takes about half an hour or a few hours.
After the operation osseointegration is waited about 2-3 months. Then over that implants in a few sittings prothesis are put in place.
Root Treatment
The meaning of the root treatment is to keep the tooth which lost liveliness because of any reason in the mouth lifeless and to provide its function as it is alive.
Lifeless tooth should no be allowed tos tay in the mouth even it does not cause any pain because,it is one of the best shelter fort he bacterias.Bacterias can reach to some of organs in the body by blood and cause some different illnesses.
However root treatment is a hard treatment,this hardness is fort the dentist and because of studying by anesthesia you do not feel any pain.
Root treatment is a very important treatment because,it makes you win a tooth.Well treated tooth can serve you for a long time,so no dentist advices extraction.
HOW IS ROOT TREATMENT DONE ?
After anesthesia the top of tooth opened in order to reach root channels and than caires is cleaned. Pulpa (Main of tooth) is taken out.
It is very important to determine the length of the root channels correct.For that step we use RVG and calculate the length.
Root channels are cleaned by channel tools according to determined length.
Channels, which are cleaned and washed with by using different disinfection solutions many times,are filled with a special cones and the crown part is restored.
If it is necessary tooth is recovered.Tooth which has root treatment loses its water so,it is easily offended and it is beter to recover it.
As it is seen root treatment needs patience and care. The necessary thing is a good vision system and a good communication between the patient and the dentist.
Prothesis
WHAT IS PROTHESIS?
It is the material which provide the best appearance.It also helps people to have the lost functions and tdying the speech.So people who lost mouth health can get it back and prothesis provides people psychologically comfort .life quality is increased.
There are different types of removable prothesis:
1-Total Prothesis
2-Partial prothesis
3-Immediat (Temporary) prothesis
4-Overdentures
a-Immobile Prothesis
b-Unique crown
c-Bridge
d-Overimplanr prothesis
e-Removable prothesis
f-Total prothesis
g-Partial prothesis
h-Prothesis which does not have hook,metal supported
UNIQUE CROWN: It is a covering which is applied to maket he damaged tooth as before. aim is to keep the tooth,make more beautiful and stronger.
Crown is done for these situations:
1-If there is not support,to restore the big filling.
2-to prevent weak teeth to be broken
3-Over the implant
4-To cover broken,shapeless or coloured teeth.
BRIDGES : The type of treatment which is applied in order to fill the gaps because of the lost 2 or more teeth by cutting the neighbour teeth.
TOTAL PROTHESIS : It is applied fort he mouth which has no teeth.Nowadays total prothesis is not the unique chance fort he patients who have no teeth.Implants which are put in place into the jaw bone and the prothesis makes people feel as if they are chewing with their own teeth.So people mostly prefer implants.
PARTIAL PROTHESIS : Prothesis which is applied fort he loss of partial teeth.It is fixed to the natural teeth by a hook and it is made of metal or acrilic.
SENSITIVE CONNECTIVE : It is also used for partial loss.Connection is not the same as partial prothesis.connection is formed by 2 pieces named male and female.This prothesis is beter than partial prothesis because of connection and aesthetic.Hooks which are used for partial prothesis disturb people aesthetically,sensetive connected prothesis is mostly preferred.
CLEANING OF THE PROTHESIS
Cleaning is made by some special cleaning materials.Prothesis can be cleaned by a tablet which is put in the water.If there is no cleaning material,prothesis can be cleaned by a tooth brush or a prothesis brush.However removable prothesis can be taken out and existing teeth in the mouth can be cleaned,later prothesis can be put in.For total prothesis it is enough to take out the prothesis and wash the mouth.
Bleaching
In modern societies people take much care to the appearance of the teeth.Even shape and colour defects may cause pschologic troubles.In dentistry,by developing the aesthetic and restrative materials,many problems about shape,colour and place can be solved easily. Bleaching is cheaper and and pratic than the other protetic methods. Bleaching is more different than cleaning and means whitening the dark teeth to be seen more aesthetic.Bleaching degrees may be different because of becoming colurful.reason is not important, your teeth will be whiter than before.bleaching is a job of whitening which Carbomide Proxide or its derivatives are used.Used materials takes oxygen out so,oxygen makes the teeth white. Bleaching means removing the darkness in the structure of the teeth. It does not mean cleaning the bacteria plaque or calculus on the surface of the teeth.In order to be successfull on bleaching,first calculus must be cleaned by the dentist.Fillings and covers can not be whitened by this way..
Teeth colours are different individually as the colour of eye or skin.There are a lot of factors which effect the colour of the teeth.
These are:
a-Hereditory
b-Outher factors (Tea,Coffee,smoke,etc.)
c-Antibiotics or flourine that are taken while grown up
d-Trauma
e-Old fillings
INDICATIONS
1-If 1 or more teeth are yellow,gray or brawn
2-Gray and devital teeth after the root treatment
3-Stains which are by Tetrasiklin or antibiotic.
4-Becoming colourful at the end of developmental defects or mineralisation defects.
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
1-Caries (First it has to be treated)
2-Inflammated gum
3-Teeth which have enamel defect (First composite filling has to be done)
4-Abrased teeth (First composite filling has to be done)
WHAT ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS OF BLEACHING?
During the treatment there may be cold or hot sensetiveness.That sensetiveness gets well 1-2 weeks later after the treatment.
CAN BLEACHING BE DONE FOR EVERYBODY?
Almost for everybody it can be applied but,because of having no enough searches it is not adviced to have bleaching for pregnants and mothers who are breast-feeding.
DOES BLEACHING GIVE ANY HARM?
It is proved that low concentrated Carbomide Perokside does not cause any harm but,higher concentrations should be used carefully because of sensetiveness.
Periodontal Ilnesses
The most important reason for gum disease is;people do not use tooth brush or dental floss or true tecnicks regularly.So bacterias cause different illnesses.Microbial dental plaque is soft and it can be cleaned easily by the patient.If it is not cleaned,plaque is increased and it gets hard an the tooth and makes calculus.Only dentist can clean the calculus.Deformity of teeth,gum diseases,caries,bad fillings,and prothesis,breathing from mouth may also cause to increase microbial plaque.
HEALTY GUM
It looks like orange cover,it surrounds the teeth,pink and hard consistency
GINGIVITIS
Gum may get inflamed because of bacteria plaque,and begins to bleed.If the plaque is not cleaned it becomes hard and calculus.
PERIODONTITIS
Soft tissues swell,fibres break off , gum leaves the tooth and bone begins to melt
Treatment:
Serious damage is fprmed in bone and tissues.If the teeth are not treated,they begin to move and they need to be extracted.Curreting should also be done beside cleaning the calculus.
Wisdom Teeth
THE REASON OF THE EXTRACTION OF WISDOM ?
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Caries: Spit,the pieces of the food and the bacterias gather in the hole(newly coming tooth open) threat either wisdom or molar tooth.Realising and treating this kind of caries is extremely difficult.It may cause abscess and there may be pain.
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Gum Disease(Pericoronit) : In the gum of the wisdom which is semi ascend,there may be halitozis(Bad smell in the mouth),pain,oedemol and trismusa(Mouth can not be opened completely).Inflection may be spreaded through the lymphs to cheek and neck.
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Headache : While the wisdom is ascending,it may make preasure the neighbour teeth so,there may be headache.In some situation preasure can cause abrasion.
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Orthodontic reasons : Many young people have orthodontic treatment in order to tidy up the entogled teeth.While ascending the preasure of wisdom can reflex to the other teeth so,the other teeth may remove.
PROTEZLE
Reason about Prothesis: Dentist has to think about the wisdom while plannig the prothesis because,after the extraction the structure of the mouth changes and prothesis has to be done according to the new structure.
Cyst: Impacted teeth can cause cystic cases.Cyst causes the bone loss,extending the jaw moving the teeth,or damage the other teeth.In order to prevent the bone loss tooth has to be extracted and abscess has to be cleaned.Rarely that cyst can be spreaded and cause tumour and jaw bone may be broken by itself.
Extraction
WHY ARE THE TEETH EXTRACTED?
Nowadays scientific and tecnological developments help dentistry so,the first goal is to treat the tooth and keep it in the mouth..In some situations,in order to keep the health of the patient or plan the treatment tooth may be extracted.
These situations:
1-Tooth which has much caries and can not be saved because of the loss of materials.
2-Broken teeth which are impossible to treat at the end of striking.
3-Abscessed teeth which can not be covered inspite of root treatment
4-moving teeth because of the abscess
5-milk teeth whish did not go in time
6-Teeth which have trouble because of much malcose.
7-Teeth in the cyst or tumour
8-Impacted teeth.
9-In order to help to orthodontic treatment,inspite of having no problem teeth may be extracted because of narrow place.
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE AFTER EXTRACTION?
1-Tampon has to be kept in the mouth 30 minutes on the extracted area
2-New tampon should not be used if it is not necessary and patients have to take care of not to demolish the formed clot.
3-Mouth must not be washed with water
4-During 2 hours anything should be eaten and at the end of this time absolutely lukewarm things should be preferred.Too hot or cold things sholud not be eaten or drunk.
5-Cigarette must not be smoked 24 hours.Smoke causes demolishing the clot and infection of the extracted place.that situation called dry socket can cause pain.
6-Alcohol must not be taken 24 hours.
7-Extracted area must not be touched and the area must not be sucked or spitted.
8-Extracted area should not be used 24 hours.
9-If there is any pain aspirin sould not be used,some other pain killers should be taken.If it is possible dentist should be informed.
10-Extracted area should be kept cleaned.It is important to prevent the waste of the food into the wound.24 hours later after the extraction,area should be brushed softly with a soft brush.Lukewarm salty water gargle can be used.
11-It is normal to have a leak of blood in 6-24 hours.If that time is passed and also there is much blleding patient has to g oto the dentist.
12-Dentist has to be informed if there is much bulge or pain.
Zirconium
WITHOUT METAL SUPPORT,FULL CERAMIC
For a long time metal was used in order to provide the endurance for porcelain restoration.The restoration which is made by covering metal with porcelain did not have anough aesthetic under the light such as camera flash,neon.
Nowadays restorations are made by a material called zirconium which has no metal.Zirconium was also used for orthopedic prothesis and for spaceships.
Zirconium which is used for crown and bridge as substructure is either very strong or aesthetically looked more natural.
As a substructure white coloured zirconium alloy is used fort his system.The biggest advantage is because of being very strong it provides full aesthetic to the backside bridges.The system has 900Mpa resistance.
Even many things effect the appearance of the crowns,the most important thing is that they are transperant.Because of being tranperant depth and vigour are mentioned so,zirconium is the nearest to the natural teeth.
ADVANTAGES OF ZIRCONIUM
1-Metal supported crowns are seen as if there is no tooth in the mouth because of not to be transperant.Zirconium is transperant and all kinds of lights pass.The most aesthetic material in dentistry.
2-Zirconium not allergic,a friend of tissue.
3-Because of being transperant zirconium is the nearest to the natural.Even the dentist do the best,metal supported teeth are seen matt and artificial so,zirconium is preferred mostly fort he frontal teeth.
4-Zir conium does not have metal as substructure so,there is no dark line between crown and gum.more aesthetic.
5-Metal supported crowns are sticked to the teeth mechanical but,zirconium is held mechanical and chemical so,holding is stronger.
6-Zirconium is insulator so,there is no hot or cold sensetiveness.
7-Metal supported crowns have the possibility of allergy but,zirconium has no.
8-If there is a recession,zirconium keeps its aesthetic appearance.Gum harmony is the best.For zirconium it is not mentioned about being purple in the gum as a result of gum disease or recession.
Tooth care in pregnancy
Health of the pregnant is the reflection of the health of the baby that will be born so,mother has to take car efor her health. Also mouth and teeth health have a great importance.
PRECAUTIONS FOR MOUTH AND TEETH HEALTH IN PREGNANCY
1-Routine mouth and teeth check up
2-Regularly brushing with floured toothpaste and using dental floss
3-Planning the teeth treatment in 6th or 3rd months of pregnancy
Ostrogen and Ostriol hormones increase during pregnancy so,they may have bleeding and also teeth may move.In such situations gum infections begin 2nd month and in 8th month it comes to top level and after the pragnancy slowly slowly gets well.
Before the planned pregnancy dentist should be visited,general check uo should be done,calculus should be cleaned and mouth and teeth health should ve controlled.Infections before pregnancy may increase during the pregnancy.Teeth problems may increase in pregnancy because of not to take care regularly,much vomit or the type of feding.
Anesthesia must not be taken in the first 3 months of pregnancy. Later it is not the problem for extracting.Even if it will remove the bacteria group,extraction may be useful. If the anesthesia is given in suitable dose,there is no objection for baby and mother.
FEEDING
Feding is more important in pragnancy.Caries is involved with the expended foods.Especially the time of getting sugar and foods with sugar is important.getiing sugar can not be prevented so,those foods should be taken in 3 main meals.If it is necessary to have mid meal,there should not be sugar.
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