Reproductive Surgery - Fertility Treatment

 

Reproductive surgery abroad

 

Some women and men have difficulty conceiving because of problems in their reproductive system. These range from a congenital malformation (birth defect) of the uterus or absence of a vagina, to acquired abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, endometriosis, scarring, cysts or varicoceles.

Some causes of infertility or recurrent miscarriage can be overcome with surgery. In addition, women with or without infertility problems can encounter various benign gynecologic conditions that may pose serious threats to their reproductive function.

Types of Reproductive surgery

• Hysteroscopy
• Laparoscopy
• Laparotomy
• Falloposcopy
• Vasoepididymostomy
• Varicocelectomy

Causes of infertility

In women

• Ovulation disorders
• Uterine or cervical abnormalities
• Fallopian tube damage or blockage
• Endometriosis
• Primary ovarian insufficiency
• Pelvic adhesions
• Cancer and its treatment

In men

• Abnormal sperm production or function
• Problems with the delivery of sperm
• Overexposure to certain environmental factors
• Damage related to cancer and its treatment

Symptoms of infertility

The main symptom of infertility is not getting pregnant. There may be no other obvious symptoms. Sometimes, an infertile woman may have irregular or absent menstrual periods. Rarely, an infertile man may have some signs of hormonal problems, such as changes in hair growth or sexual function.

Treatment

Reproductive surgery for women

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is a medical procedure during which a small, telescope-like instrument is inserted directly into the uterine cavity so that the surgeon can visualize the uterine cavity diagnose conditions such as uterine septum — protrusion of the upper wall of the uterus into the cavity — scar tissue, uterine polyps, endometriosis or uterine fibroids. Hysteroscopy allows diagnosis and, most often, resolution of the anatomical problem. This is an outpatient surgery, and it does not require an overnight stay.

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy allows the doctor to view and assess the pelvic organ by inserting a small, telescope-like instrument through the belly button, with additional small instruments placed strategically through the abdominal wall. Some of the conditions that may be found with laparoscopy include endometriosis, tubal damage, hydrosalpinx (a fluid-filled fallopian tube), scar tissue, uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts and tumors. Laparoscopy is an outpatient procedure and often, the surgeon can correct the problem at the same time it is being assessed. Before surgery, an ultrasound examination is used to define any potential defects.

Laparotomy

In laparotomy, an abdominal incision is made to allow access into the abdominal and pelvic cavities. Typically, this procedure requires a longer recovery time because the incision is made through the muscles and the fascia protecting the abdominal and pelvic organs. Sometimes, however, the surgeon is able to perform a mini-laparotomy involving a much smaller incision, and the patient may leave after a short observation period. Laparotomy allows surgeons to deal with larger pelvic problems, such as uterine fibroids, extremely large ovarian cysts, or a ruptured ectopic pregnancy with uncontrolled hemorrhage.

Falloposcopy

This female infertility treatment is used to inspect the fallopian tubes for abnormalities such as tube obstruction, scarring, and damage to the inner lining. The falloscopy procedure entails the use of a fiber optic scope to inspect the fallopian tubes and correct any of the above conditions. It will also allow your physician to determine and recommend other female infertility treatment if the damage is too severe.

Reproductive surgery for men

Vasoepididymostomy

Vasoepididymostomy is a surgical procedure designed to treat an epididymal obstruction, such as scarring or cysts, which can block the sperm from traveling into the vas deferens. This male infertility treatment is a difficult microsurgical procedure, requiring a skillful and experienced surgeon.

Varicocelectomy

Varicocelectomy is the most common procedure performed for male infertility. This treatment is essentially a surgical procedure to repair varicoceles (varicose veins of the testicles). The additional blood from varicoceles can raise the temperature of the testes and impair sperm production, causing low sperm count. Treatment to repair this condition requires that veins are cut to eliminate blood flow to the varicocele, improving fertility and increasing the chances of conception.

Benefits of reproductive surgery

• Treats a variety of infertility causes
• Gives couples a chance to have a baby
• Solves the issue of recurrent miscarriage
• Minimally invasive procedures
• Fast recovery period

Cost of reproductive surgery

The price for the reproductive surgery depends on the geographical location of the facility, the procedure needed by the patient and the clinic chosen. Choose a reproductive surgeon with experience and expertise in all reproductive surgery procedures. In addition, it is important that the procedure is performed in a JCI (Joint Commission International) accredited quality hospital or facility.

Who performs reproductive surgery

A reproductive surgeon is a fellowship-trained reproductive endocrinologist who specializes in minimally invasive surgery. Couples should find specialists who are a member of endocrinologist organizations or technologies. As such, they have completed medical school programs, followed by four years of residency training in obstetrics and gynecology, and then, two to three years of training in fertility within an approved program that results in board certification.

 

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